This study explored the effect of gaseous enrichment of vase solution, in combination with ethylene inhibitors and bioactive chemical treatments, on vase life and antioxidant defense of Matthiola incana cv. ‘Lucinda’ cut flowers. Postharvest senescence and rapid quality loss remain critical limitations in commercial floral supply chains. A completely randomized factorial experiment was conducted including 20 treatment combinations, with three replicates per treatment and three stems per replicate (total 180 stems). Treatments consisted of gaseous signaling molecules (50 µM nitric oxide and 1% hydrogen gas) applied to vase solution, ethylene inhibitors (1-MCP and KMnO₄), and chemical solutions (distilled water; chitosan + CaCl₂; chitosan + SNP; chitosan + arginine; chitosan + STS). Evaluated traits included vase life, solution uptake, petal anthocyanin content, leaf carbohydrate concentration, antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT and POD), ion leakage, and stem water content. The combined treatment of nitric oxide, 1-MCP, and chitosan + SNP (G₁E₁C) produced the longest vase life (25.3 days), improved solution uptake, enhanced anthocyanin and carbohydrate accumulation, and effectively delayed senescence. Statistical analysis confirmed significant effects of gas enrichment, ethylene inhibitors, chemical treatments, and their interactions on most physiological traits (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated strong positive relationships between vase life and physiological indices. These results demonstrate that gaseous enrichment of vase solution, combined with ethylene inhibition and bioactive compounds, mitigates oxidative stress, preserves membrane integrity, and significantly extends vase life. This approach provides a promising and practical postharvest strategy for commercial cut flower management.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different preservative solutions to improve the keeping quality of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa cv. Single). These preservative solutions (treatments) were: T1= 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3, T2= 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3 + 25 mg/l citric acid, T3= 2% sucrose + 300 mg/l HQS, T4 = 2% sucrose + 300 mg/l HQS+ 25 mg/l citric acid, T5= 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3 + 300 mg/l HQS, T6= 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3 + 300 mg/l HQS+ 25 mg/l citric acid, T7= 0.01 % sodium hypochloride, T8= 0.05 % sodium hypochloride, T9= 0.10 % sodium hypochloride and T10= tap water (control). The results showed that all treatments had improved the keeping quality and vase life of the cut flowers comparing to control ones. Among all these treatments, 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3 + 300 mg/l HQS+ 25 mg/l citric acid showed best water uptake, water loss uptake ratio, percentage of maximum increase in fresh weight of the cut flower stem and vase life which was extended up to 10 days. According to the results of this research it is concluded that, 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3 + 300 mg/l HQS+ 25 mg/l citric acid are suitable for prolongation of tuberose vase life.

Daisy is one of the most consuming cuttings flowers in the world. One of the problems in trading of twins flower is short postharvest life or postharvest case for increasing quality. Producers have solved this problem by using chemical preservatives. The goal of this research was comparing between vase-life of flowers treated with nanosilver with AgNO3 and used sucrose as a energy source. The items that were measured were vase-life of flowers, changing in weight percent of opened flowers during the shelf-life were evaluated and compared.

Basic life support (BLS) following by Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) is intended to rescue the patients with acute circulatory or respiratory failure or both. The most important determinant of short and long-term neurologically intact survival is the interval from the onset of the cardiac or respiratory onset to restoration of effective spontaneous functions of these vital activities.It is commonly accepted that every physician, regardless of specialty, should be able to  perform CPR. It must be also emphasized that CPR, almost invariably, necessitates a rapid interventional follow-care with ACLS procedure.Without well-performed basic life support, advanced cardiac life support is of no remark-: able benefit, BLS and ACLS are processes that must be performed step by step and with respect to the patient's condition.

The postharvest vase life of cut roses was studied to determine the effects of various physiological factors that influence the vase life of cut flower.Cut roses were obtained from commercial area of Siliguri. To assess the effect of preservatives on the postharvest life of rose, cut flowers were treated with following preservative solutions: fixed amount of citric acid (CA) (300 mg/ml) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) (200 mg/ml) with various concentrations (1% to 8%) of sucrose solution. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates. Cut roses were treated with different solutions and were kept at normal room temperature (20o C) under normal day light and natural ventilation. The biochemical parameters such as phenol, flavonol content, total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, and for antioxidant property 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity was determined in flowers treated for 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days, respectively. The physiological parameters such as vase life, water uptake, transpiration rate and water balance were also observed. The results demonstrated that the flowers which were treated with 5% of sucrose extended the vase life of cut flower from 4 to 8 days by improving the carbohydrate supply and reducing oxidative stress mediated damages during rose flower senescence.

The effects of savory, caraway, and rose extracts and 8-HQS were studied on the vase life of Alstroemeria cut flowers. The plant extracts at three levels (10, 20, and 40 %), 8-HQS at three levels (100, 200, and 300 mg l-1), and control (distilled water) with 3 % sucrose were continuously applied on the basis of a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. It was found that the treatments were more effective on sustaining vase life as compared to control. The application of 8-HQS at the rates of 200 and 300 mg l-1 resulted in the longest vase life of 19. 83 and 19. 66 days, respectively. Among plant extracts, 20 % savory showed the longest vase life (18 days). The highest solution uptake (1. 81 ml g-1 FW) was associated with the application of 20% savory extract. The treatments of 10, 20, and 40 % savory extract and 200 mg l-1 8-HQS were the most successful treatments in sustaining fresh weight. The lowest bacterial population in vase solution (3 Log10 CFU ml-1) was observed in the treatment of 200 mg l-1 8-HQS. The treatments of 20 % savory extract and 200 mg l-1 8-HQS had the lowest electrolyte leakages of 4. 46 and 4. 93 %. The treatments of 40 and 20 % savory extract were the most effective treatments in reducing MDA accumulation. Given these results, it is recommended to use savory extract as a natural, environmentfriendly compound to improve post-harvest traits and extend the longevity of Alstroemeria cut flowers.